Conrad Limbaugh Papers, 1945 - 2002 (bulk 1950-1962) (SMC 86)

OFF-SITE STORAGE: COLLECTION STORED OFF-SITE. ALLOW ONE WEEK FOR RETRIEVAL OF MATERIALS.
Restrictions: Original media formats are restricted. Viewing/listening copies may be available for researchers.

Extent: 6.65 Linear feet (17 archives boxes, and 15 films)

Digital Content

Selected images and recordings from this collection have been reformatted and can either be viewed through links in the container list; or requested through the finding aid.

The collection consists of scuba diving pioneer Conrad Limbaugh's professional files, correspondence, field notes, writings, photographic media and films.

Conrad Limbaugh (1924-1960) was a forerunner in the development of scuba diving standards. He began his diving career as a skin-diving enthusiast in the 1930s, exploring the coasts of Long Beach as a teenager. He received a B.A. in Biology from Whittier College in 1949 and commenced his graduate studies through the zoology department at UCLA. It was during this time that Limbaugh became aware of the first-ever Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus (SCUBA), and persuaded biology professor Boyd Walker to purchase one of the first Aqua Lung units sold in the United States. Fellow UCLA graduate student and lifelong friend Andreas Rechnitzer joined Limbaugh in experimenting with the device, and they taught themselves how to use the Aqua Lung without instruction or manuals. Limbaugh transferred to the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 1950 where he studied under Carl Hubbs. He began to apply scuba diving towards scientific research more directly and spent countless hours underwater recording his observations of aquatic animals, tagging fishes and collecting specimens. At the time, formal standards for civilian scuba training and education did not exist in the United States. Within a year Limbaugh developed preliminary guidelines necessary to train others in scuba diving and began instructing graduate students in 1951. Limbaugh was appointed Marine Diving Specialist in 1953 by Scripps Director Roger Revelle. As the first official diving officer at Scripps, Limbaugh was charged with the responsibility of maintaining a safe training program, developing curriculum, writing instruction manuals and issuing diving permits to new divers. Limbaugh enjoyed an active professional life during the 1950s, studying kelp bed ecology and cleaning symbiosis, speaking at local diving clubs, leading professional diving associations, participating in Scripps expeditions, working for outside agencies and experimenting with civilian underwater imaging. In 1957 he co-founded Scientific Diving Consultants and helped to create an underwater ecological preserve in the Virgin Islands. In early 1960 Limbaugh was invited to attend the first meeting for the Confédération Mondiale des Acitivités Subaquatiques (CMAS) to be held in Barcelona. At the conference, he presented a paper on cleaning symbiosis and was voted Chairman of Marine Biology for the new association. While abroad, Limbaugh took the opportunity to dive in some caves along the coast of Spain and France. On March 20th he became lost in the underground river at Port Miou and died. His body was discovered a week later and was buried in a small cemetery overlooking the Mediterranean at Cassis, France. After the fatal accident, his brother-in-law Dr. Howard Feder compiled Limbaugh's writings, bringing several to posthumous publication.

The collection consists of professional files, correspondence, field notes, writings, photographic media and films detailing Conrad Limbaugh's scientific scuba diving work at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. It includes an extensive array of taxonomic field notes on fish, diving logs, scuba instruction files, diving association materials and underwater photographic media. Subjects of note include early scuba diving technology, ichthyology, Limbaugh's participation in the development of shark repellents and his research regarding cleaning symbiosis in marine animals.

Arranged in eight series: 1) BIOGRAPHICAL FILES, 2) CORRESPONDENCE, 3) SUBJECT FILES, 4) FIELD NOTES, 5) WRITINGS, 6) WRITINGS BY OTHERS, 7) PHOTOGRAPHS and 8) AUDIOVISUAL RECORDINGS.

SIO Biographical Files, SAC 5. Special Collections & Archives, UC San Diego.

Container List

BIOGRAPHICAL FILES

Scope and Content of Series

Series 1) BIOGRAPHICAL FILES: Curricula vitae, professional certificates and biographical materials detailing Limbaugh's professional career and fatal diving accident.

Box 1 Folder 1
Army Air Force, 1945-1946
Box 1 Folder 2
Blackledge, Nan Limbaugh. Biography of Conrad Limbaugh, undated
Box 1 Folder 3
Cassis Memorial Service, 1961 March 23

Includes photographs of memorial service and plaque.

Box 1 Folder 4
Certificates, diplomas, 1947 - 1960
Box 1 Folder 5
Curricula vitae, 1959
Box 1 Folder 6
Fatal diving accident, 1960
Box 1 Folder 7-8
Feder, Howard. Biography and Memorial of Conrad Limbaugh, 1961 -1962
Box 1 Folder 9
Feder, Howard. Memories of Connie Limbaugh, 2002
Box 1 Folder 10
Ryan, Danny. Biography of Conrad Limbaugh, 1961

CORRESPONDENCE

Scope and Content of Series

Series 2) CORRESPONDENCE: Limbaugh's personal and professional correspondence, as well as correspondence retained by Howard Feder.

Box 1 Folder 11-12
General correspondence, 1950 - 1955
Box 2 Folder 1-6
General correspondence, 1955 - 1960

Includes correspondence from the days immediately following fatal diving accident.

Box 2 Folder 7
Feder, Howard. Outgoing, 1960 - 1977
Box 3 Folder 1-2
Feder, Howard. Incoming, 1960 - 1971
Box 3 Folder 3
Flechsig, Arthur, 1950 - 1962
Box 3 Folder 4-5
Hubbs, Carl L., 1949 - 1975
Box 3 Folder 6
Powell, David C., 1958 - 1963
Box 3 Folder 7
Randall, Jack E., 1958 - 1960
Box 3 Folder 8
Walt Disney Productions, 1956 - 1968

SUBJECT FILES

Scope and Content of Series

Series 3: SUBJECT FILES: Limbaugh's professional files. It includes scuba instruction materials, research files and diving association materials.

Box 3 Folder 9
Aqua Lung, diving training, undated
Box 3 Folder 10
Bottom Scratchers Diving Club, 1953
Box 3 Folder 11
California Academy of Sciences, Science in Action, "Gardens of the Sea" television program transcript, 1953 September 8
Box 3 Folder 12
Chromis limbaughi, 1962 - 1996

Marine vertebrates named for Conrad Limbaugh.

Box 3 Folder 13-14
Cleaning symbiosis, notes and research, 1955 - 1956
Box 3 Folder 15
Clipperton Expedition, 1958 September
Box 4 Folder 1
Diving accidents, 1931 December - 1958 January
Box 4 Folder 2
Diving training at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 1955 - 1959
Box 4 Folder 3
Fish Bulletin, 1951
Box 4 Folder 4-5
Fish tagging, 1952 - 1954
Box 4 Folder 6
International Underwater Film Festival, 1960 - 1961
Box 4 Folder 7
Izaak Walton League of America, Spearfishing and Our Underwater Horizons, 1957 April
Box 4 Folder 8
La Jolla Skinsters, 1953 August - 1954 January
Box 4 Folder 9
Marine Advisers, Underwater Inspection of Public Pier at San Clemente, 1957 October
Box 4 Folder 10
Newspaper articles, miscellaneous, 1951 May - 1960 March
Box 4 Folder 11
"Open Road" show, guest appearance, 1951 August
Box 4 Folder 12
San Diego Aquatic Association, Aqua Lung examination, 1959 August
Box 4 Folder 13
San Diego County Underwater Swimming Council, 1959 December
Box 4 Folder 14
Scientific Diving Consultants, 1962 - 1963
Box 4 Folder 15
Seafarer Club, 1954 September - 1955 October
Box 4 Folder 16
Shark repellents, 1957 - 1959
Box 4 Folder 17
U.S. Navy, diving work, 1951 September - 1956 January
Box 5 Folder 1
University of California Institute of Marine Resources, SCUBA instruction, 1958 May
Box 5 Folder 2
University of California Public Information Radio. "Breathing Under Water", 1953 September 27
Box 5 Folder 3
University of California Public Information Radio. "Strange Partners in the Sea", 1957 December 29

FIELD NOTES

Scope and Content of Series

Series 4) FIELD NOTES: Diving logs and taxonomical field notes.

Aquatic Animals

Box 5 Folder 4
Arrow goby, Clevelandia ios, 1949 October
Box 5 Folder 5
Atlantic chub mackerel, Scomber colias, 1949 August - 1956 March
Box 5 Folder 6
Barred surfperch, Amphistichus argenteus, 1949 March - 1950 March
Box 5 Folder 7
Basking shark, Cetorhinus maximus, 1955 December - 1956 March
Box 5 Folder 8
Bat rays, Holorhinus californicus, 1949 July - 1956 December
Box 5 Folder 9
Bay blenny, Hypsoblennius gentilis, 1949 August
Box 5 Folder 10
Bigmouth flounder, Hippoglossina stomata, 1955 November
Box 5 Folder 11
Black croaker fish, Cheilotrema saturnum, 1956 January - 1956 March
Box 5 Folder 12
Black surfperch, Embiotoca jacksoni, 1949 February - 1950 January
Box 5 Folder 13
Black-and-yellow rockfish, Sebastes chrysomelas, 1949 January
Box 5 Folder 14
Blackeye goby, Rhinogobiops nicholsii, 1955 December - 1956 February
Box 5 Folder 15
Blackfin blenny, Paraclinus nigripinnis, 1955 November
Box 5 Folder 16
Blacksmith fish, Chromis punctipinnis, 1949 July - 1951 July
Box 5 Folder 17
Blind goby, Typhlogobius californiensis, 1949 April
Box 5 Folder 18
Blue rockfish, Sebastes mystinus, 1955 December
Box 5 Folder 19
Blue shark, Prionace glauca, 1956 February
Box 5 Folder 20
Blue-banded goby, Lythrypnus dalli, 1956 February
Box 5 Folder 21
Brachiopods, Brachiopoda, 1955 October - 1956 February
Box 5 Folder 22
Bryozoans, Bryozoa, 1955 December - 1956 February
Box 5 Folder 23
C-O sole, Pleuronichthys coenosus, 1949 February - 1956 February
Box 5 Folder 24
Cabezon, Scorpaenichthys marmoratus, 1949 February - 1959 May
Box 5 Folder 25
California butterfly ray, Gymnura marmorata, 1949 July - 1956 January
Box 5 Folder 26
California corbina, Menticirrhus undulatus, 1948 September - 1956 March
Box 5 Folder 27
California flying fish, Cypselurus californicus, 1958 February
Box 5 Folder 28
California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis, 1948 September - 1949 August
Box 5 Folder 29
California halbiut, Paralichthys californicus, 1949 April - 1957 September
Box 5 Folder 30
California scorpionfish, Scorpaena guttata, 1951 - 1955
Box 5 Folder 31
California sheephead, Pimelometopon pulchrum, 1948 September - 1956 February
Box 5 Folder 32
Californian anchovy, Engraulis mordax, 1949 August - 1950 March
Box 5 Folder 33
Catsharks, Cephaloscyllium, 1955 December
Box 5 Folder 34
Coelenterates, Coelenterata, 1955 August - 1956 February
Box 5 Folder 35
Comb jellies, Ctenophora, 1955 December
Box 5 Folder 36
Cortez angelfish, Pomacanthus zonipectus, 1956 February
Box 5 Folder 37
Crustaceans, Crustacea, 1954 January - 1958 May
Box 5 Folder 38
Diamond stingray, Dasyatis dipterura, 1949 July - 1956 February
Box 5 Folder 39
Diamond turbot, Hypsopsetta guttulata, 1949 July - 1956 February
Box 5 Folder 40
Dwarf perch, Micrometrus minimus, 1949 April - 1956 January
Box 5 Folder 41
Echinoderms, Echinodermata, 1955 November - 1958 December
Box 5 Folder 42
Electric ray, Torpediniformes, 1956
Box 5 Folder 43
Fish, food analysis, 1950 - 1951
Box 6 Folder 1
Fish, kelp beds, 1951 February - 1957 December
Box 6 Folder 2
Fish, trapping records, 1952 - 1953
Box 6 Folder 3
Frogfish, Antennarius, 1956 February
Box 6 Folder 4
Garibaldi fish, Hypsypops rubicundus, 1949 - 1956
Box 6 Folder 5
Giant kelpfish, Heterostichus rostratus, 1948 September - 1955 November
Box 6 Folder 6
Giant sea bass, Stereolepis gigas, 1949 September
Box 6 Folder 7
Gopher rockfish, Sebastes carnatus, 1956 February
Box 6 Folder 8
Gorgonians, Gorgonacea, 1957 - 1958
Box 6 Folder 9
Grass rockfish, Sebastes rastrelliger, 1949 March
Box 6 Folder 10
Great white shark, Carcharodon carcharias, 1955 October - 1960 February
Box 6 Folder 11
Grey smooth-hound, Mustelus californicus, 1949 August
Box 6 Folder 12
Grouper, Mycteroperca, 1953
Box 6 Folder 13
Grunts, Xenistius californiensis, 1949 August - 1949 September
Box 6 Folder 14
Halfmoon sea chub, Medialuna californiensis, 1948 September - 1949 September
Box 6 Folder 15
Hole bearers, Foraminifera, undated
Box 6 Folder 16
Horn shark, Heterodontus francisci, 1949 February - 1956 January
Box 6 Folder 17
Hornyhead turbot, Pleuronichthys verticalis, 1949 October
Box 6 Folder 18
Kelp bass, Paralabrax clathratus, 1948 September - 1956 January
Box 6 Folder 19
Kelp clingfish, Rimicola muscarum, 1954 February
Box 6 Folder 20
Kelp perch, Brachyistius frenatus, 1949 February - 1956 March
Box 6 Folder 21
Kelp rockfish, Sebastes atrovirens, 1949 October - 1956 March
Box 6 Folder 22
Kelpfish, Gibbonsia, 1949 February - 1955 November
Box 6 Folder 23
King angelfish, Holacanthus passer, 1956 February
Box 6 Folder 24
Lavender sculpin, Leiocottus hirundo, 1956 January
Box 6 Folder 25
Leopard shark, Triakis semifasciata, 1949 April - 1956 February
Box 6 Folder 26
Lingcod, Ophiodon elongatus, 1955 December - 1956 February
Box 6 Folder 27
Manta ray, Manta birostris, 1954 May - 1958 February

Mollusks, Mollusca, undated

Box 6 Folder 29
Chitons, 1956 February - 1957 August
Box 6 Folder 30
Gastropods, 1954 March - 1956 March
Box 6 Folder 31
Loligo, 1953 March - 1958 March
Box 6 Folder 32
Nudibranch, 1955 December - 1956 March
Box 6 Folder 33
Octopuses, 1955 November - 1959 February
Box 6 Folder 34
Pelecypods, 1953 November - 1956 March
Box 7 Folder 1
Zonario, 1954 February - 1959 December
Box 7 Folder 2
Miscellaneous, 1956 April - 1956 September
Box 7 Folder 3
Moray eel, Muraenidae, 1957 July - 1959 June
Box 7 Folder 4
Nurse shark, Ginglymostoma cirratum, 1958 May
Box 7 Folder 5
Ocean whitefish, Caulolatilus princeps, 1949 August
Box 7 Folder 6
Opaleye, Girella nigricans, 1948 September - 1956 March
Box 7 Folder 7
Orangethroat pikeblenny, Chaeonopsis alepidota, 1958 May
Box 7 Folder 8
Pacific angelshark, Squatina californica, 1949 August
Box 7 Folder 9
Pacific jack mackerel, Trachurus symmetricus, 1949 September - 1955 February
Box 7 Folder 10
Pacific saury, Cololabis saira, 1952 August
Box 7 Folder 11
Pacific staghorn sculpin, Leptocottus armatus, 1949 April
Box 7 Folder 12
Painted greenling, Oxylebius pictus, 1955 December - 1956 March
Box 7 Folder 13
Parchment worm, Chaetopterus, 1956 July
Box 7 Folder 14
Pile perch, Damalichthys vacca, 1948 September - 1950 May
Box 7 Folder 15
Pomacentridae spawning, 1954 May - 1958 February
Box 7 Folder 16
Queenfish, Seriphus politus, 1949 July - 1955 September
Box 7 Folder 17
Rainbow seaperch, Hypsurus caryi, 1949 July - 1956 March
Box 7 Folder 18
Rock wrasse, Halichoeres semicinctus, 1949 July - 1956 March
Box 7 Folder 19
Rockweed gunnel, Xererpes fucorum, 1949 February
Box 7 Folder 20
Round stingray, Urobatis halleri, 1949 August - 1949 September
Box 7 Folder 21
Rubberlip seaperch, Rhacochilus, 1949 February - 1956 March
Box 7 Folder 22
Sand dollars, Dendraster, 1953 December - 1958 January
Box 7 Folder 23
Sarcastic fringehead, Neoclinus blanchardi, 1956
Box 7 Folder 24
Sargo fish, Anisotremus davidsonii, 1949 July - 1949 September
Box 7 Folder 25
Sculpin, Icelinus, 1954
Box 7 Folder 26
Sea stars, Astropecten, 1954 September - 1956 March
Box 7 Folder 27
Sergeant major fish, Abudefduf saxatilis, undated

Sharks

Box 7 Folder 28
Attacks, 1951 May - 1959 November
Box 7 Folder 29
"Field Notes on Sharks", 1958 April
Box 7 Folder 30
Miscellaneous, 1951 May - 1959 July
Box 7 Folder 31
News, 1953 February - 1959 August
Box 7 Folder 32
Shiner perch, Cymatogaster aggregata, 1949 November
Box 7 Folder 33
Shovelnose guitarfish, Rhinobatos productus, 1949 April - 1956 February
Box 7 Folder 34
Snubnose sculpin, Orthonopias triacis, 1949 October - 1956 February
Box 8 Folder 1
Speckled sanddab, Citharichthys stigmaeus, 1955 December - 1956 February
Box 8 Folder 2
Sponges, Porifera, 1955 December
Box 8 Folder 3
Spotfin croaker, Roncador stearnsii, 1949 July - 1949 September
Box 8 Folder 4
Spotted ratfish, Hydrolagus colliei, 1950 March
Box 8 Folder 5
Spotted turbot, Pleuronichthys ritteri, 1948 September - 1948 October
Box 8 Folder 6
Striped surfperch, Taeniotoca lateralis, 1949 October
Box 8 Folder 7
Sunfish, Mola, 1955 November - 1956 February
Box 8 Folder 8
Surfperch, Crossochir koelzi, 1950 March
Box 8 Folder 9
Thornback guitarfish, Platyrhinoidis triseriata, 1951 September - 1956 February
Box 8 Folder 10
Toadfish, Euporichthys spilomus, 1954 November
Box 8 Folder 11
Topsmelt, Atherinops affinis, 1948 September - 1950 March
Box 8 Folder 12
Treefish, Sebastes serriceps, 1949 March - 1956 January
Box 8 Folder 13
Tube-snout fish, Aulorhynchus flavidus, 1951
Box 8 Folder 14
Tunicates, Tunicata, 1956 February
Box 8 Folder 15
Vermilion rockfish, Sebastes miniatus, 1956 February
Box 8 Folder 16
Walleye surfperch, Hyperprosopon argenteum, 1949 February - 1957 January
Box 8 Folder 17
Whale shark, Rhincodon typus, 1953 June
Box 8 Folder 18
White seabass, Cynoscion nobilis, 1949 August - 1949 September
Box 8 Folder 19
White seaperch, Phanerodon furcatus, 1948 September - 1956 March
Box 8 Folder 20
Woolly sculpin, Clinocottus analis, 1955 November - 1956 February
Box 8 Folder 21
Worms, 1954 September - 1956 February
Box 8 Folder 22
Wrasse, Oxyjulius californica, 1948 September - 1950 January
Box 8 Folder 23
Yellowfin croaker, Umbrina roncador, 1949 July - 1949 August
Box 8 Folder 24
Yellowfin fringehead, Neoclinus stephensae, 1952 February - 1956 February
Box 8 Folder 25
Zebra-perch sea chub, Hermosilla azurea, 1949 July - 1949 August
Box 8 Folder 26
Miscellaneous sea creatures, 1951 July - 1960 March
Box 8 Folder 27
Birds, 1952 August - 1959 June

Diving

Bahamas

Box 8 Folder 28
Cleaner fish, 1958
Box 8 Folder 29
Crustaceans, 1956
Box 8 Folder 30-31
Miscellaneous fish, 1956 April - 1956 June
Box 8 Folder 32
Borrego Springs, 1955 - 1958
Box 8 Folder 33
Carlsbad Lagoon, 1957 June
Box 9 Folder 1-3
Clipperton Island, 1956 October - 1958 December
Box 9 Folder 4
La Jolla, 1953 June - 1959 October

Mexico, 1952 - 1958

Box 9 Folder 6
Guadalupe Island, 1957
Box 9 Folder 7
Coronado Island, 1953 - 1958
Box 9 Folder 8
Cabo San Lucas, 1959 March
Box 9 Folder 9
Newport Bay, 1953 March
Box 9 Folder 10
San Diego, 1950 August
Box 9 Folder 11
San Nicholas, undated
Box 9 Folder 12-14
Santa Maria Outfall, 1955 April - 1957 January
Box 10 Folder 1
Scripps Submarine Canyon, 1951 February - 1957 September
Box 10 Folder 2
Virgin Islands, 1955 July - 1958 October
Box 10 Folder 3
Whites Point Outfall, 1948 November - 1958 July
Box 10 Folder 4-8
Miscellaneous diving logs, 1950 - 1954
Box 11 Folder 1-3
Miscellaneous diving logs (continued), 1950 - 1954
Box 11 Folder 4
Marine Mammals, 1952 May - 1960 December
Box 11 Folder 5
Middens, archaeological sites, 1955 September - 1958 December

Plants

Box 11 Folder 6
Algae Distribution, 1952
Box 11 Folder 7
Red Tide, 1955 September - 1958 May
Box 11 Folder 8
Seaweeds, 1955 December - 1958 February
Box 11 Folder 9
Reptiles , 1956

WRITINGS

Scope and Content of Series

Series 5) WRITINGS: Limbaugh's manuscripts, published works and essays, arranged chronologically.

Box 11 Folder 10
"Skin Diving Observations", 1949 February - June
Box 11 Folder 11
"Conclusions on Species Habits from Observations", 1949 September
Box 11 Folder 12
"Observations on the California Sea-lion", 1951 March
Box 11 Folder 13
"Investigation of Fish Life in the Kelp Beds and the Effects of Kelp Harvesting on Fish", progress reports, 1951 June - 1953 January
Box 11 Folder 14
"California Sheepshead", The Skin Diver, 1951 December
Box 11 Folder 15
"California Sea Lions", The Skin Diver, 1952 March - 1952 April
Box 11 Folder 16
"Occurrence of an Oil Globule in Eggs of Pleuronectid Flatfishes", 1952 September
Box 11 Folder 17
Andreas B. Rechnitzer and Conrad Limbaugh. "Breeding Habits of Hyperprosopon Argenteum, a Viviparous Fish of California", Copeia, 1952
Box 11 Folder 18
"The Relationship of Biological Oceanography to Other Branches of Oceanography", 1953 January
Box 11 Folder 19
"Geography of the Sea Bottom", 1953
Box 11 Folder 20
"Guadalupe Island Diary", 1953
Box 11 Folder 21
Conrad Limbaugh and Andreas B. Rechnitzer. "Visual Detection of Temperature-Density Discontinuities in Water by Diving", Science, 1955 March
Box 11 Folder 22
"Fish Life in the Kelp Beds and the Effects of Kelp Harvesting", 1955
Box 11 Folder 23
"Ocean Sewage Pollution", 1955
Box 11 Folder 24
"Cleaning Symbiosis among Motile Organisms, Its Importance to Biology", 1956 December
Box 11 Folder 25
Conrad Limbaugh and Wheeler North. "Fluorescent, Benthic, Pacific Coast Coelenterates", Nature, 1956 September
Box 11 Folder 26
"Observations on Octopuses", 1956
Box 11 Folder 27
"Cephalopods", 1956 - 1957
Box 12 Folder 1
"Progress Report on Morphometric and Meristic Studies of Dendraster excentricus and closely related species", 1957 January
Box 12 Folder 2
"Suggestions on Surveys for Underwater Recreation Areas", 1957 April
Box 12 Folder 3
"Conservation of Marine Resources", 1957
Box 12 Folder 4
Conrad Limbaugh and Francis P. Shepard. "Submarine Canyons", The Geological Society of America, Memoir 67, 1957
Box 12 Folder 5
"Underwater Man and Sharks", 1958 April
Box 12 Folder 6-7
Untitled manuscript, 1960

Edited posthumously by Denton Limbaugh.

Box 12 Folder 8
"Life-History and Ecologic Notes on the Black Croaker" California Fish and Game, 1961 April
Box 12 Folder 9
"Observations on the California Sea Otter", Journal of Mammalogy, 1961 May
Box 12 Folder 10
Conrad Limbaugh, Harry Pederson and Fenner A. Chace. "Shrimps That Clean Fishes", Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean, 1961 June
Box 12 Folder 11
"Cleaning Symbiosis", Scientific American, 1961 August

Includes proofs and negatives of images used in article.

Box 12 Folder 12
"Life History and Ecological Notes on the Tubenose, Aulorhynchus flavidus, a Hemibranch Fish of Western North America", Copeia, 1962 September
Box 12 Folder 13
"Notes on the Life History of Two Californian Pomacentrids" Garibaldis, Hypsypops rubicunda (Girard), and Blacksmiths, Chromis punctipinnis (Cooper)", Pacific Science, 1964 January
Box 12 Folder 14
Carl L. Hubbs, Arthur L. Kelly and Conrad Limbaugh. "Diversity in Feeding by Brandt's Cormorant Near San Diego", California Fish and Game, 1970
Box 12 Folder 15
Howard M. Feder, Charles H. Turner and Conrad Limbaugh. "Observations on Fishes Associated with Kelp Beds in Southern California", Department of Fish and Game, Fish Bulletin 160, 1974
Box 12 Folder 16
"Aspects of the Ecology and Behavior of Fishes of the Genus Neoclinus", undated
Box 12 Folder 17
"Conservation of Marine Resources", undated
Box 12 Folder 18
"Diving Dangers", undated
Box 12 Folder 19
Andreas B. Rechnitzer and Conrad Limbaugh. "Ecology and Distribution of the Genus Neoclinus in the Eastern Pacific", undated
Box 12 Folder 20
"Evaluation of Bolex Camera and Underwater Housing #5", undated
Box 12 Folder 21
Andreas B. Rechnitzer, Conrad Limbaugh and Earl A. Murray. "First Progress Report on a Survey of the Union Oil Company Santa Maria Refinery Outfall", undated
Box 12 Folder 22
Wheeler J. North and Conrad Limbaugh. "Fluorescence in Benthic Coelenterates", undated
Box 12 Folder 23
"Foraminifera Faunal Changes with Depth in the Gulf of Mexico", undated
Box 13 Folder 1
"Foraminifera Indicating a Colder Past Climate in the North Atlantic", undated
Box 13 Folder 2
"Foraminifera Indicating Sediment Displacement and Colder Water of the Past in the Western Gulf of Mexico", undated
Box 13 Folder 3
"Free Diving as a Scientific Technique", undated
Box 13 Folder 4
Grace L. Orton and Conrad Limbaugh. "Ichthylological Notes", Copeia, undated
Box 13 Folder 5
"Marine Mammals", undated
Box 13 Folder 6
"Photosynthetic Pigments and Depth Distribution of Marine Algae", undated
Box 13 Folder 7
"A Plan for more Fully Exploiting the Marine Biological Resources of California", undated
Box 13 Folder 8
"Reproductive Behavior of Fishes", undated
Box 13 Folder 9
"Roteinone Poisoning at Entrance of Newport Bay", undated
Box 13 Folder 10
"Sharks and Survival", undated
Box 13 Folder 11
"This is the Way I Take Lobster", undated
Box 13 Folder 12
"The Ways of Fishes", undated

WRITINGS BY OTHERS

Scope and Content of Series

Series 6) WRITINGS BY OTHERS: Manuscripts and published works written by others regarding Limbaugh's life.

Box 13 Folder 13
Tregaskis, Richard. "They Hunt Danger Below", Argosy, 1954 June
Box 13 Folder 14-15
Feder, Howard. Laboratory notebooks, 1959 May - 1963 February
Box 13 Folder 16-17
Limbaugh, Denton. Biography of Conrad Limbaugh, 1960
Box 13 Folder 18
Limbaugh, Nan. "Underwater Photography Adventure", Water World, 1957 May
Box 13 Folder 19
Dugan, James. "Diving at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography", undated
Box 13 Folder 20
Skin Diver Magazine, article draft, undated

PHOTOGRAPHS

Scope and Content of Series

Series 7) PHOTOGRAPHS contains negatives, slides and photographs of marine animals, people and projects. Selected photographs from this series have been digitized and can be viewed through links in the container list.

Box 14 Folder 1
Black croaker, undated
Box 14 Folder 2
Bottom Scratchers Diving Club, 1953 - 1955
Initiation into Bottom Scratchers Diving Club, 1953 December
Box 14 Folder 3
Cleaner fish, undated
Box 14 Folder 4
Cleaning Symbiosis in the Marine Environment, 1966
Box 14 Folder 5
Fish with sea star, undated
Box 14 Folder 6
Garibaldi fish, 1954
Box 14 Folder 7
Great white shark, 1955
Box 14 Folder 8
Guadalupe Island, 1954
Box 14 Folder 9
Kelp beds, undated
Box 14 Folder 10
Killer whales, 1958 - 1959
Box 14 Folder 11
Neoclinus, undated
Box 14 Folder 12
Photographs by Earl Murray, 1954
Box 14 Folder 13
Photographs by Ron Church, undated

Photographs of Charles Limbaugh, undated

Box 14 Folder 14
Miscellaneous, 1949 - 1960
Conrad Limbaugh, 1950
Box 14 Folder 15
Diving
Box 14 Folder 16
Family
Box 14 Folder 17
Portraits

Photographs of people

Box 14 Folder 18
Belltram, Sergie, 1953
Box 14 Folder 19
Chess, Tony, undated
Box 14 Folder 20
Dill, Bob, 1953
Box 14 Folder 21
Murray, Earl, undated
Box 14 Folder 22
Tube-snout fish, 1949
Box 14 Folder 23-25
Miscellaneous fish, 1950 - 1958
Box 15 Folder 1-6
Miscellaneous fish (cont.), 1950 - 1958

Negatives

Box 15 Folder 7
Canyon squid, jellyfish, undated
Box 15 Folder 8
Connie's fish, undated
Box 15 Folder 9
Fish, divers, whales, squid, undated
Box 15 Folder 10
Guadalupe Island, 1953
Box 15 Folder 11
La Jolla Canyon, 1954
Box 15 Folder 12
Osoflaco, 1955 December
Box 15 Folder 13
Sand dollar beds, undated
Box 15 Folder 14
Squid, 1956

Slides

Box 15 Folder 15
Bahamas, 1956
Spanish Hogfish, undated
Box 15 Folder 18
Coronados Island, 1957 - 1958
Box 15 Folder 19
La Jolla and other sites, undated
Conrad Limbaugh diving, undated
Box 15 Folder 20
Mexico, undated
Box 15 Folder 21
Red anemone, undated
Box 16 Folder 1
Sea fans, Baja California, undated
Box 16 Folder 2
Virgin Island National Park, 1958
Box 16 Folder 3
Virgin Islands, 1957
Box 16 Folder 4
Miscellaneous diving, undated
Box 16 Folder 5
Miscellaneous fish, undated
Box 16 Folder 6-7
Miscellaneous travel, 1952 - 1955

AUDIOVISUAL RECORDINGS

Scope and Content of Series

Series 8) AUDIOVISUAL RECORDINGS: Formats include 16mm film, betacam, VHS and digital files.

Arranged in two subseries: A) Film and Video, and B) Sound Recordings.

Film and Video

Box 17 Folder 1
Conrad Limbaugh Memorial - Betacam, 1960

Color, sound, time 00:45:00.

Oversize FS-36
Conrad Limbaugh Memorial - Film, 1960

16mm film, color, silent, time 00:45:00.

Oversize FS-64
La Jolla Canyon, 1950

Underwater footage of scuba diving and fish tagging in La Jolla. 16mm film, color, silent, time 00:10:00.

Oversize FS-65
Guaymas, Mexico, 1957

Underwater footage of scuba diving, spearfishing and large schools of manta rays. 16mm film, color, silent.

Oversize FS-66
KFMB-TV Departure of R/V Spencer F. Baird to Clipperton Island, 1958

Includes footage of Limbaugh family celebrating the event. 16mm film, 3" reel, no color, time 00:00:50.

Oversize FS-67
Skin diving meet in Laguna Beach, 1959

Footage of Conrad Limbaugh, Peter Small and Ron Church on beach. Cuts-away to home video of wife and children in front yard of home. 16mm film, 3 1/4" reel, color, no sound, time 00:10:00.

Oversize FS-68
Cabo San Lucas shark fisherman, 1958

Shark fisherman carves the jaw out of dead shark. 16mm film, 3/4" reel, color, silent.

Oversize FS-63
Last dive - Original film, 1960 March

Conrad Limbaugh died in a cave diving accident in France after attending a meeting for the Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS) in 1960. Includes footage of the CMAS meeting in Barcelona, as well as the recovered footage Limbaugh was shooting in the caves during his last dive in France. 16mm film, 7'' reel, no color, silent, time 00:15:00.

Oversize FS-69
Last dive - Edited version without underwater footage, 1960 March
Oversize FS-70
Birds on water, undated

Created by Scientific Diving Consultants (Conrad Limbaugh, Wheeler North and James Stewart). Footage of birds feeding at sea with divers. 16mm film, 3 ¾" reel, color, no sound, time 00:10:00.

Oversize FS-33
Otters in Monterey - Original unedited film, 1952
Oversize FS-37
Otters in Monterey, 1952

16mm film, color, no sound.

Oversize FS-38
Rivers of Sand, 1959

Scientific Diving Consultants presents the discovery of underwater sand-falls in the Cape San Lucas submarine canyon in Baja California. 16mm film, color, sound, time 00:12:00. Library copy significantly red-shifted. The CalTech archives has digitized an improved version: see https://archive.org/details/capsca_00005.

Oversize FS-71
Diving in La Jolla, undated

Conrad Limbaugh and James Stewart diving in La Jolla. 16mm film, color, silent, time 00:05:00.

Oversize FS-72
Cleaner fish, undated

Underwater footage of symbiotic cleaning relationship between fish and other sea creatures. 16mm film, no color, silent, time 00:02:58.

Oversize FS-73
Fish in La Jolla kelp beds, undated

Underwater footage of fish swimming among La Jolla kelp beds. 16mm film, color, silent, time 00:02:33.

Box 17 Folder 2
James Stewart dive and underwater scenes - VHS, 1959

Footage of unidentified divers unloading lobsters into boat. Cuts-away to Ron Church and James Stewart as they prepare to dive in La Jolla; underwater scenes. Silent, time 00:03:00.

Sound Recordings

Box 17 Folder 3
Conrad Limbaugh Memorial

Reel-to-reel tape, audio only, time 00:45:00. Narrative for the Limbaugh Memorial film in subseries 8A) Film and Video.

Box 17 Folder 4
Interviews with Conrad Limbaugh, Wheeler North and Andy Rechnitzer, undated

Discusses diving training, the Aqua Lung and underwater recovery of Native American artifacts in La Jolla waters. Begins at 00:40:50. Reel-to-reel tape, audio only.