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Helen Hill Raitt, the first woman to take part in an extended American oceanographic expedition called the Capricorn Expedition (1952-1953); she is doing clerical work at a desk during this expedition on the R/V Spencer F. Baird (ship). Capricorn Expedition was the first Scripps Institution of Oceanography expedition to use scuba divers to explore the Pacific. Research ships Horizon (ship) and Spencer F. Baird (ship) mapped seamounts and guyots and other features of the Pacific seafloor. Scientists studied the 35,400 foot deep Tonga Trench, the second deepest place in the ocean, and measured heat flow on the East Pacific Rise. Circa 1953.

Helen Hill Raitt, the first woman to take part in an extended American oceanographic expedition called the Capricorn Exped...